This petroleum system analysis of the tertiary ulleung basin offshore south korea is part of the korea national oil cooperation knoc active exploration program. Permiantriassic backarc basin development in response to. The composition of backarc basin lower crust and upper mantle in. Caltex pacific indonesia area of operations, situated largely between the bila river to the north and the kampar river to the south, are. Chemical systematics and hydrous melting of the mantle in backarc basins c. However during the early stages of backarc spreading, when the uprising mantle diapir splits the volcanic arc, the basalt magmas are derived from the subarc mantle. A backarc system represents an important geological response to the nature of the oceanic lithosphere and the mantle dynamics along a plate boundary e. Okinawa trough backarc basin early tectonic and magmatic evolution.
Backarc basin, submarine basin that forms behind an island arc. Backarc basins tectonics and magmatism brian taylor springer. The chilas complex is a 40 wide and 300 long composite plutonic body exposed in the central part of kohistan island arc, which formed first as intraoceanic island arc in the neotethyan oceanic crust and later transformed into andeantype continental margin after the closure of backarc basin. The subduction of old oceanic lithosphere may make the volcanic arc move toward the trench and produce an extensional backarc basin behind the arc which type of plate boundary is associated with most of earths major mountain belts. Dacite debris avalanche debris dam deformation diamict dike directed blast doas dome drainage. Active spreading ridges in the north fiji basin range from welldeveloped stable ridges where largescale mantle upwelling is in progress to protoridges where spreading is incipient. In this paper we present new major and trace element and isotopic data on lavas from the manus basin, a backarc basin behind the new britain island arc in papua new guinea fig. Backarc basins are sites of significant hydrothermal activity, and the deepsea vents that occur in these regions often harbour diverse biological communities. Unique geochemistry of submarine hydrothermal fluids from arcbackarc settings of the western pacific. Structural variations of arc crusts and rifted margins in. This last characteristic is interesting because it occurs in all backarc basins, despite widely varying ree patterns in associated island arcs. Plate motions, slab dynamics and backarc deformation.
Subduction zones and island arcs university of leicester. The cretaceous blue mountain inlier of eastern jamaica contains the bellevue lavas, which represent a mid to late campanian backarc basin succession of tholeiitic volcanic rocks. This geologic formation is located in the western region of the pacific ocean, where it is surrounded by the inactive west mariana ridge and the stillactive mariana volcanic arc to the east. The mariana trough is one of the most wellknown back arc basins in the world. New species of scale worms polychaeta, polynoidae from. To elucidate the origin of the kurile basin, the most direct approach is to study volcanic rocks that form in the back.
Such basins are typically found along the western margin of the pacific ocean near the convergence of two tectonic plates. They are found at some convergent plate boundaries, presently concentrated in the western pacific ocean. Backarc deformation regime is mostly controlled by the upper plate absolute motion relative to a partly anchored. Backarc basins form because the subduction of old oceanic lithosphere may make the volcanic arc move toward the trench and produce an extensional basin behind the arc 2 necessary steps in the formation of a volcanic arc. However, backarc basins differ from midocean ridges in several aspects, mainly. Backarc opening and the mode of subduction caltech authors. Petrology and geochemistry of back arc basin basalts of the five dives sampled lavas associated with extinct and active hydrothermal chimney fields mir dive sites 2226 and 2231 respectively. Comparison of spreading processes between backarc basin and midocean ridge systems ii. Most of them result from tensional forces caused by oceanic trench rollback the oceanic trench is wandering in the seafloor direction and the collapse of the edge of the continent. Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, or visit the webmasters page for free fun content. Two suture zones, i the northern suture mkt and the southern suture mmt mark tectonic. The process of backarc basin formation appears to be inactive at present in some arcs as in the case of the japan sea, whereas others are believed to have an actively opening backarc basin, for example, the m ariana trough karig, 1971a. North sumatera basin is a backarc basin that occupies an area of 60,0000 sq. In island volcanic arcs it consists of backarc basins of oceanic crust with.
The shikoku basin sb, which is a back arc basin formed through arc rifting, is located to the west of the ra. Any theory for the genesis of backarc basins must account for this fact. Clustering of arc volcanoes caused by temperature perturbations in the backarc mantle. Petroleum system analysis for a backarc basin offshore. Ar ages of south sakhalin volcanic rocks that back. Manus basin the spreading axes of the manus basin also show a systematic variation from arc like to morblike lava compositions withincreasing distance away from the new britain arc 37, though in this case gps measurements. As subduction progresses, the island arc and the backarc basin may deform, and foldthrust structures. However, the reasons why back arc basins are associated with some subduction. Junggar, tarim, and qaidam became inland basins with continental sedimentation after their communications to open sea were severed by the rising mountain chains. The spreading axes of the manus basin also show a systematic variation from arclike to morblike lava compositions with increasing distance away from the new britain arc, though in this case gps measurements indicate that the segments closest to the arc are spreading the fastest, 5145 mmyr. The eastern lau spreading centre, located on the lau backarc basin hydrothermal vent system between fiji and tonga, is a focus site of the ridge 2000. Petrology and geochemistry of backarc basin basalts from. March 1979, backarc opening and the mode of subduction pdf. Isostatic basin subsidence permitted the accumulation of thick mesozoic and paleogene sediments before tectonic rejuvenation along neogene faults.
Surface and subsurface expressions of folds and faults suggest that the basin experienced northnorthwestdirected. Caldera ce cinder cone cirque composite volcano coulee crust cryptodome cumulovolcano. The northern part of the trough is now rifting, with extension accommodated by combined stretching and igneous intrusion. The tectonics and the tertiary structural history of the central sumatra backarc basin in the p. The backarc region is the area behind a volcanic arc. Backarc basin basalt basaltic andesite base surge batholith benchmark bishop tuff block and ash flow bomb breadcrust bomb. Backarc basins by fer nan d o m arti n ez, kyo ko o ki n o, ya s u h i ko o h a r a, a n n a lo u i s e r e y s e n b a c h, and. New sims shrimp zircon upb determinations for amphibolite and metagabbro of bab origin within the yakuno ophiolite yield ages of 293.
Sedimentation in backarc basins can be very varied, ranging from pelagic through turbidites to alluvial fans, although volcaniclastics see clast are common. It is pointed out that the conditions required for the occurrence of this kind of mechanism may be recognized in most of the tectonic contexts where back arc basins developed in. Abstract the salin subbasin of myanmar part of the larger central basin is a forearcbackarc basin couplet situated between an oblique subduction zone to the west and a major rightlateral strikeslip fault to the east. Backarc basalts in many respects marginal basin basalts mbb are similar to normal midocean ridge basalts ntype morb. Media in category back arc basins the following 7 files are in this category, out of 7 total. Trace element and hf radiogenic isotope data reveal that the mantle. Evolution of faulting and volcanism in a backarc basin. Published by the american geophysical union as part of the maurice ewing series, volume 1. Arc concrete basin concrete nation ship australia wide.
Smith, free software helps map and display data, eos. Pdf we suggest a more rigorous approach to paleogeodynamic reconstructions of the sayanbaikal. Sec 0 figure 5 seismic reflection, gravity and magnetic anomaly profiles l3 crossing the northern part of the okinawa trough. The lavas are composed of basicintermediate and intermediateacidic subgroups that can be related by intraformation fractional crystallization. Problems unique to the spreading process in backarc basins 5. Pdf the compositions of backarc basin basalts babb can usefully be viewed as products of four. The composition of backarc basin lower crust and upper. Back arc basins are sites of significant hydrothermal activity, and the deepsea vents that occur in these regions often harbour diverse biological communities. Deep structural graben are found in a region of low heat flow, and we interpret these to manifest a low. We find that backarc basins develop when the age of subducting normal oceanic lithosphere is greater than 55 million years. The okinawa trough ot is a curved backarc basin located northwest of. View notes backarc basins from epse 350 at mcgill university. The relationship between subduction and back arc spreading has been well known since the early days of plate tectonics.
Manus basin the spreading axes of the manus basin also show a systematic variation from arclike to morblike lava compositions withincreasing distance away from the new britain arc 37, though in this case gps measurements. In continental arcs the backarc region is part of continental platform, either dry land or forming shallow marine basins. Sedimentary, volcanic, and tectonic processes of the central. Arc concrete basin please allow 24 weeks for production shipped from gold coast warehouse order now for free shipping australia wide a true statement piece handcrafted by concrete artisans, the arc basin is sleek, simple and inspiring. Magma genesis and mantle heterogeneity in the manus back.
The basin displays only one producing gas condensate field and several gascondensate shows. Seismic imaging of late miocene messinian evaporites. In this view, subduction and back arc extension are not causally linked one to the other, but rather represent simultaneous effects of the lateral migration of the arc. The understanding of the messinian salinity crisis msc as a mediterranean basinwide event requires an improved knowledge of the stratigraphy in the deep basins and continental margins e. Indian ocean hot spot reference frame oneill et al. The yakuno ophiolite in southwest japan is considered to have been obducted by the collision between an intraoceanic islandarcbackarc basin intraoiabab system and the east asian continent during the late paleozoic. Hydrocarbon exploration history began in the late 19 th century. Abstract the mariana trough is an active backarc basin, with the rift propagating northward ahead of. The sb margins might have clues to understanding the arc evolution brought about by crustal rifting.
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